Epigenetic regulation by histone methylation and histone variants.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression that are not mediated at the DNA sequence level. Molecular mechanisms that mediate epigenetic regulation include DNA methylation and chromatin/histone modifications. With the identification of key histone-modifying enzymes, the biological functions of many histone posttranslational modifications are now beginning to be elucidated. Histone methylation, in particular, plays critical roles in many epigenetic phenomena. In this review, we provide an overview of recent findings that shape the current paradigms regarding the roles of histone methylation and histone variants in heterochromatin assembly and the maintenance of the boundaries between heterochromatin and euchromatin. We also highlight some of the enzymes that mediate histone methylation and discuss the stability and inheritance of this modification.
منابع مشابه
P 110: Evaluating the Role of Histone Hyper Acetylation in Induction of Neuroinflammation
Microglia is the effector cell of the innate immune system in central nervous system (CNS). These cells mediate inflammatory responses in injuries. Besides external factors, microglial function is also controlled by internal factors, including epigenetic regulations. Mechanisms of epigenetic regulation mainly consist of DNA methylation, histone modifications and use of non-coding RNAs. Recent s...
متن کاملاپیژنتیک سرطان پستان: مقاله مروری
Stable molecular changes during cell division without any change in the sequence of DNA molecules is known as epigenetic. Molecular mechanisms involved in this process, including histone modifications, methylation of DNA, protein complex and RNA antisense. Cancer genome changes happen through a combination of DNA hypermethylation, long-term epigenetic silencing with heterozygosis loss and genom...
متن کاملEffects of Major Epigenetic Factors on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is influenced by both genetic factors and epigenetic modifications; the latter is a result of exposure to various environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications affect gene expression and alter cellular functions without modifying the genomic sequences. CpG-DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs are the main epigenetic factors ...
متن کاملThe Impression of Histone Modification and DNA Methylation in Gastric Cancer Development: Molecular Mechanism Approach
The epigenetic alterations like histone modifications , DNA methylation and others remarkable categories including nucleosome remodeling and RNA mediated targeting have been strongly investigated recently .In this way , beside the notable importance of DNA methylation ,the histone modifications are the most important issues in the tumorogenesis and cancer progression. Moreover...
متن کاملP-116: Absence of JMJD1A, A Testis- Specific Histone Demethylase, in Tissue Samples of TESE Negative Men
Background During mammalian spermatogenesis unique and dynamic epigenetic events occur leading to chromatin condensation. Through these events, histone demethylases such as JMJD1A play important roles in compaction of sperm chromatin, due to regulation of histone methylation dynamics and alteration of chromatin structure. As �histone methylation� is one of the best-characterized modifications i...
متن کاملP-88: Comparing Epigenetic Profile of Oct4 Regulatory Region in Embryonal Carcinoma Cells under Retinoic Acid Induction
Background: Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells derived from germ cell tumors are valuable tools for investigating differentiation and developmental biology processes in vitro. The advantage of the reproducible and rapid expansion of these cell lines provides a useful alternative to embryos for the study of mammalian cell differentiation. During early stages of cell differentiation, the rate of tran...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Molecular endocrinology
دوره 19 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005